Humans begin implementing dental procedures for the first time, perhaps in modern-day Italy
The earliest evidence of dental caries intervention on a Late Upper Palaeolithic modern human specimen (Villabruna) is from a burial in Northern Italy.
Before 10th Millennia B.C.E.
Humans migrate to West Africa
Archaeological studies have found that early human settlers arrived in West Africa around 12,000 B.C.E.
Early humans settle Ireland for the first time
A bear bone found in Alice and Gwendoline Cave, County Clare, in 1903 may push back dates for the earliest human settlement of Ireland to 10,500 B.C.E. The bone shows clear signs of cut marks with stone tools, and has been radiocarbon dated to 12,500 years ago.
Humans invent the musical bow, the world’s first stringed instrument, perhaps in modern-day France
Dating to around c. 13,000 B.C.E., a cave painting in the Trois Frères cave in France depicts what some believe is a musical bow, a hunting bow used as a single-stringed musical instrument.
The Aónikenk people emerge in modern-day Argentina
The Aónikenk people, better known by the exonym Tehuelche, are a group of indigenous peoples of Patagonia. They are widely believed to be the basis for the Patagones described by European explorers.
Aboriginal Australians develop complex religious beliefs now referred to as “The Dreaming”
The Dreaming is a term devised by early anthropologists to refer to a religio-cultural worldview attributed to Australian Aboriginal beliefs. It is used to represent Aboriginal concepts of Everywhen during which the land was inhabited by ancestral figures, often of heroic proportions or with supernatural abilities.
Humans invent the bullroarer, perhaps in modern-day Ukraine
The bullroarer, rhombus, or turndun, is an ancient ritual musical instrument and a device historically used for communicating over great distances.
Humans invent the canoe
Constructed between 8200 and 7600 B.C.E., and found in the Netherlands, the Pesse canoe may be the oldest known canoe.
Kebarian Culture thrives in the Levant
Kebarian culture was an archaeological culture in the eastern Mediterranean area (c. 18,000 to 12,500 BP). The Kebaran were a highly mobile nomadic population, composed of hunters and gatherers in the Levant and Sinai areas who used microlithic tools.
Humans invent pottery, perhaps in modern-day Jiangxi province in China
Xianrendong and Yuchanyan caves in northern China are the oldest of a growing number of sites which support the origins of pottery as having occurred not just in the Japanese island Jomon culture of 11,000-12,000 years ago, but earlier in the Russian Far East and South China some 18,000-20,000 years ago.